What does a Agricultural Scientist do?
Agricultural scientists research crops, soil, livestock and farming methods to raise yields and help farmers. The usual route is a four-year B.Sc (Hons) Agriculture followed by a master’s and often a PhD.
An agricultural scientist plans field trials, tests seeds, soil and pests, analyses results and shares new methods with farmers through extension work.
In India agricultural scientists work in ICAR institutes, state agricultural universities, Krishi Vigyan Kendras, seed and fertiliser companies and government agriculture departments.
How to get there
- Class 10Study Science well
- Class 11–12Take at least three of Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Biology (Agriculture can count) with 50% (40% for SC/ST/PwBD)
- UGComplete the four-year B.Sc (Hons) Agriculture
- PGComplete a master's (M.Sc Agriculture) and often a PhD
- First roleJoin ICAR as a scientist through the ARS route (master's degree is the minimum) or a university or company research team
- Subjects in Classes 11–12
- Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Agriculture
- Streams
- Science (PCB), Science (PCMB), Science (PCM)
- Minimum education
- PG
Courses that lead here
Bachelor of Science in Agriculture
B.Sc (Hons) Agriculture is a four-year degree in crop science, soil, plant protection, animal husbandry and agricultural economics. It leads to careers…
Doctor of Philosophy
PhD is the highest research degree. Under UGC's 2022 regulations it takes at least three years, including coursework, and up to six…
Master of Science
M.Sc is a postgraduate science degree in subjects such as physics, chemistry, mathematics, life sciences, agriculture or nursing. It builds the base…
Further study
Colleges for these courses
Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Raipur
Dharma Samaj College
Institute of Home Economics
Shaheed Mangal Pandey Government Girls PG College, Meerut
St. Xavier’s College Jaipur
Gandhi Memorial National College, Ambala Cantt
Skills you need
- Communication with farmers
- Field experimentation
- Lab techniques
- Plant and soil science
- Report writing
- Statistics
It suits people who are
- Patient
- Observant
- Practical
- Curious
Where you work and how you grow
Where people work
- ICAR institutes
- State agricultural universities
- Krishi Vigyan Kendras
- Seed and agri-input companies
Growth path
- Scientist → Senior Scientist → Principal Scientist → Head or Director of institute
Frequently asked questions
What is the minimum qualification for an entry-level ICAR scientist?
ICAR's office memorandum of 12 March 2024 says the minimum is a master's degree in the relevant subject, reverting an earlier PhD requirement.
How long is B.Sc (Hons) Agriculture?
ICAR's CUET (ICAR-UG) 2025 bulletin describes the bachelor's programmes as four years in duration.
Sources
Information verified on 10 Oct 2026
- ICAR OM on minimum educational qualification for entry-level scientists through ARS (12 March 2024) · Official notice, accessed 10 Oct 2026
- Information Bulletin CUET (ICAR-UG) 2025 · Prospectus PDF, accessed 10 Oct 2026
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