Healthcare career

How to become a Doctor

Also called Physician, Medical Officer, General Practitioner

What does a Doctor do?

Doctors examine, diagnose and treat patients. In India you need an MBBS degree, a 12-month compulsory rotating internship and registration with the medical regulator before you can practise.

A doctor listens to patients, examines them, orders tests, makes a diagnosis and plans treatment. Doctors also keep records, guide families and refer patients to specialists when needed.

In India doctors work in government hospitals and primary health centres, private hospitals, clinics, medical colleges and public health programmes. Many go on to postgraduate study to specialise.

How to get there

  1. Class 10Build a strong base in Science
  2. Class 11–12Take Physics, Chemistry, Biology/Biotechnology and English
  3. you must be 17 by 31 January of the NEET-UG year
  4. EntranceReach the minimum eligible score in NEET-UG
  5. UGComplete the MBBS and the compulsory rotating medical internship of at least 12 months
  6. First roleRegister with your State Medical Council and work as a junior resident or medical officer
Subjects in Classes 11–12
Biology, Chemistry, Physics, English
Minimum education
UG

Courses that lead here

UG

Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery

MBBS · 5.5 years · Medical

MBBS is the basic medical degree that leads to registration as a doctor in India. It is followed by a compulsory rotating…

Offered by 139 colleges
PG

Doctor of Medicine

MD · 3 years · Medical

MD is a three-year postgraduate medical degree for MBBS doctors in broad specialities such as general medicine, paediatrics, pathology and radiodiagnosis.

Offered by 133 colleges
PG

Master of Surgery

MS · 3 years · Medical

MS is a three-year postgraduate medical degree for MBBS doctors in surgical specialities such as general surgery, orthopaedics, ophthalmology, ENT and obstetrics.

Offered by 127 colleges
Doctoral

Doctor of Philosophy

PhD · 3 years · Science

PhD is the highest research degree. Under UGC's 2022 regulations it takes at least three years, including coursework, and up to six…

Offered by 553 colleges

Further study

Colleges for these courses

Skills you need

  • Clinical diagnosis
  • Decision making under pressure
  • Ethics
  • Medical record keeping
  • Patient communication
  • Teamwork

It suits people who are

  • Caring
  • Calm under pressure
  • Responsible
  • Hard-working

Where you work and how you grow

Where people work

  • Government hospitals
  • Primary health centres
  • Private hospitals and clinics
  • Medical colleges

Growth path

  1. Intern → Junior resident or medical officer → Postgraduate specialist → Senior consultant or faculty → Head of department

Frequently asked questions

Who registers doctors in India?

Under NMC's 2023 registration regulations, licence applications go through the State Medical Council and entries appear in the National Medical Register kept by NMC's Ethics and Medical Registration Board.

How long is the licence to practise valid?

NMC's 2023 regulations say the licence is valid for five years and must be renewed through the State Medical Council.

Is the internship compulsory?

Yes. NMC's 2023 regulations say a student is not treated as having graduated until the compulsory rotating medical internship is completed, and the 2021 internship regulations set it at not less than 12 months.

Sources

Information verified on 10 Oct 2026

  1. NMC Graduate Medical Education Regulations, 2023 · Official notice, accessed 10 Oct 2026
  2. Registration of Medical Practitioners and Licence to Practice Medicine Regulations, 2023 · Official notice, accessed 10 Oct 2026
  3. NMC Compulsory Rotating Medical Internship Regulations, 2021 · Official notice, accessed 10 Oct 2026
  4. Rules and Regulation - National Medical Commission · Official site, accessed 10 Oct 2026